In people

When LL-37 rises in a person, the skin and mucous surfaces hold microbes back better, and stubborn wounds begin to close as new blood vessels grow into them. People using it for chronic infections describe fewer flares and faster clearing. People with low vitamin D make less LL-37, and raising vitamin D raises it. At the injection site, redness and a mild itch are common for a day, since LL-37 is an active immune signal.